This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in modern people. Often this is due to violations of nutrition, but the wrong products themselves can lead to their development. Diet for gastritis of the stomach is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the disease from developing into a more dangerous and / or painful form.
What is gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops on the gastric mucosa. Due to its malfunction, the digestive process is disrupted, various negative effects develop, and the mucous membrane itself gradually thins.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not alien to a modern, constantly busy person. Hurrying to eat, grasping and chewing hot or cold food poorly, eating poor-quality or harmful food, fast food, fatty, salty and smoked food in unlimited quantities, systematic eating disorders - all this can cause gastritis. However, insufficient amounts of protein and vitamins in the diet, long-term use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and thoughtless excessive alcohol consumption also become risk factors.
Diet rules in gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a huge role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, compiled by a doctor. There are a few simple and clear rules that you must follow:
- All food must be chewed thoroughly, you cannot swallow food in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily routine and eat by the hour. Ideally, meals should be fractionated and portions small. It is better to eat 5-6 times in portions of 200-250 grams than 500-600 three times.
- There should be 2. 5-3 hours between meals, and it is better to make the intervals as equal as possible.
- Food should always be warm, not hot or cold. The wrong temperature irritates the stomach walls and causes more inflammation.
- You should stop eating raw foods. It is better if they have been heat treated, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh; boiling for subsequent use in gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis?
- Stale bread, baked goods and pastries in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled, or baked (without the crust) vegetables.
- Porridges from crushed cereals in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat fish varieties.
- Non-roasted lean meats and poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Not sour fruits, dishes from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and dairy products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Pastila, marshmallow.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of dishes or boiled (2 pieces per day).
With gastritis, it is very important to follow the correct drinking regimen. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of liquid per day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is permissible to drink mineral water of a suitable composition recommended by a doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Smoked meat and sausages.
- sausages and sausages.
- Roast meat.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Sour fruits and berries.
- beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- preservation and pickles.
- Fat and acidic dairy products.
- Barley, millet, unmilled grain.
- Macaroni, pasta and vermicelli made from whole wheat flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- Mushrooms.
- nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
* The list of prohibited and authorized products may vary slightly depending on the type of gastritis. Therefore, it is better to consult your doctor to clarify the details.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu
Such a nutritional system is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar sparing regimen is also prescribed for those who have a gastric or duodenal ulcer. The principles and rules are the same as above. In addition, doctors advise limiting salt consumption, as it not only retains fluid in the body, but also irritates the mucous membranes. The standard calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day to better understand the issue:
- Breakfast: rice porridge with milk, soft-boiled egg, weak tea with milk.
- Snack: sweet baked apples with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: Cream of vegetable soup, steamed turkey meatballs or meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-sour fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: stew of allowed vegetables, fish of allowed baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
As the disease develops into a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital to the patient. By sticking to a diet, you can prevent flare-ups and significantly improve your quality of life. With different levels of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it's worth talking about each case separately.
Diet in chronic low-acid gastritis
The stomach begins to produce too little hydrochloric acid, the food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract all the nutrients and trace elements it needs from it. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but all systems of our body can suffer from this.
nutritional principles
- Preference is given to eating pureed, liquid and pureed foods.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the period of remission, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of the food can vary between + 15-60 ° C.
- The total calorie content of the diet per day should fit into 2500-3000 calories.
Permitted and Prohibited Products
With low-acid gastritis, the menu is not difficult to assemble, since it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, sausage, sausage and sausage products, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruit, various cereals is permitted. It is possible to include juices, compotes, kisses, broths, tea and coffee, milk and lactic acid products in the menu.
However, there are also restrictions, for example, you must refrain from eating foods that are too fatty. It is undesirable to consume goose meat, pork, salmon, fried donuts, sweets with cream and sweets. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated by the vegetables eaten, so it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. Milk is also not recommended in its pure form, but it is perfect as part of dishes or as an addition to tea or coffee.
Diet for chronic gastritis with high acidity
With this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce excess acid, which, as it were, "digests" the surrounding tissues, causing more and more damage to the mucous membranes. Therefore, the menu should be significantly more economical than in the previous case.
nutritional principles
- No spicy food. Anything that can irritate the mucous membranes is immediately brushed aside.
- Products must be exclusively low-fat.
- Fried food is completely excluded, all food should be boiled, stewed or baked.
- It is better to puree products, wipe before use.
- Meals should be prepared frequently and fractionally, and portions should be small.
- Daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- The calorie content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Permitted and Prohibited Products
The aim of a diet for such an illness is to make the menu as economical as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you need to eat only boiled, stewed and baked vegetables, and choose only non-sour fruits. They also need to be cooked and ideally pureed. Eating lean meat and fish is allowed, it is also desirable to grind them carefully.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridge is boiled lightly, wiped if necessary, only weak meat broths are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This stage requires immediate medical evaluation, lifestyle and diet changes. On the first day it is better to completely abstain from solid food, including pureed food, and limit yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
On the second day, you can slowly consume foods from the list of diet number 1. Then you can already prepare liquid, pasty or creamy soups, puree low-fat fish or meat, boil soft-boiled eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits should not be consumed, as well as other products from the banned list.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucous membrane, which can soon develop into full-fledged ulcers. To stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you must strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- No fried, salted or smoked food, all food is boiled, steamed or baked only without crust.
- Partial meals in small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of a meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before meals.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly and chew each bite thoroughly.
- All food should be warm, not cold or hot.
The last meal should be timed to leave 2 hours before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
Diet in atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. Food is best taken regularly at the same time. Otherwise, you need to follow the same recommendations already voiced for Power System Table #1. You can consume any product from the list of allowed products and refuse prohibited products.
Food is eaten warm, pureed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty foods as well as sour, hot and salty foods remain prohibited. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is best to give up on them forever, so as not to provoke an acute condition.